{"search_session":{},"preferences":{"l":"en","queryLanguage":"en"},"patentId":"109-849-038-152-196","frontPageModel":{"patentViewModel":{"ref":{"entityRefType":"PATENT","entityRefId":"109-849-038-152-196"},"entityMetadata":{"linkedIds":{"empty":true},"tags":[],"collections":[{"id":8909,"type":"PATENT","title":"Cornell Univ Patent Portfolio","description":"","access":"OPEN_ACCESS","displayAvatar":true,"attested":false,"itemCount":11969,"tags":[],"user":{"id":91044780,"username":"Cambialens","firstName":"","lastName":"","created":"2015-05-04T00:55:26.000Z","displayName":"Cambialens","preferences":"{\"usage\":\"public\",\"beta\":false}","accountType":"PERSONAL","isOauthOnly":false},"notes":[{"id":8223,"type":"COLLECTION","user":{"id":91044780,"username":"Cambialens","firstName":"","lastName":"","created":"2015-05-04T00:55:26.000Z","displayName":"Cambialens","preferences":"{\"usage\":\"public\",\"beta\":false}","accountType":"PERSONAL","isOauthOnly":false},"text":"
Search applicants and owners= \"Cornell Univ\", \" Univ Cornell\", \" Cornell Res* Found*\", \"Corne* Univ* Tech* Enter* Comm*\".
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Total patent: 10677
Search applicants and owners= \"Cornell Univ\", \" Univ Cornell\", \" Cornell Res* Found*\", \"Corne* Univ* Tech* Enter* Comm*\".
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Total patent: 10677
receiving a stimulus,
transforming the stimulus into a set of codes with a set of encoders,
transforming the codes into signals with an interface,
activating a plurality of retinal cells with a high resolution transducer driven by the signals from the interface,
wherein activating the plurality of retinal cells results in retinal ganglion cell responses, to a broad range of stimuli, that are substantially similar to the responses of retinal ganglion cells from a normal retina to the same stimuli."],"number":1,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["The method of claim 1, wherein the fraction correct on a forced choice visual discrimination task performed using the codes or the retinal ganglion cell responses from the activated retina is at least about 95 percent of the fraction correct on a forced choice visual discrimination task performed using retinal ganglion cell responses from a normal retina, or wherein the Pearson's correlation coefficient between a test stimulus and the stimulus reconstructed from the codes or from the activated retina when the test stimulus was presented is at least about 0.95."],"number":2,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["The method of claim 1, wherein the fraction correct on a forced choice visual discrimination task performed using the codes or the retinal ganglion cell responses from the activated retina is at least about 65 percent of the fraction correct on a forced choice visual discrimination task performed using retinal ganglion cell responses from a normal retina, or wherein the Pearson's correlation coefficient between a test stimulus and the stimulus reconstructed from the codes or from the activated retina when the test stimulus was presented is at least about 0.65."],"number":3,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["The method of claim 1, wherein the fraction correct on a forced choice visual discrimination task performed using the codes or the retinal ganglion cell responses from the activated retina is at least about 35 percent of the fraction correct on a forced choice visual discrimination task performed using retinal ganglion cell responses from a normal retina, or wherein the Pearson's correlation coefficient between a test stimulus and the stimulus reconstructed from the codes or from the activated retina when the test stimulus was presented is at least about 0.35."],"number":4,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["The method of claim 1 wherein the encoding comprises the steps of:
preprocessing the stimulus into a plurality of values, X, transforming the plurality of X values into a plurality of firing rates, λm, for a retinal ganglion cell in the retina, m, and generating a code representing spikes from said firing rates."],"number":5,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["The method of claim 5 further comprising modifying the code with a burst elimination step."],"number":6,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["The method of claim 6 wherein the code is non-transiently stored during the burst elimination step."],"number":7,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["The method of claim 6 wherein the burst elimination step comprises the steps of:
defining a the duration of a segment to be examined and a criterion number of pulses for a segment of said duration,
counting pulses in a segment, and
if the number of pulses exceeds the criterion number, replacing the segment by an alternative in which the time between pulses is approximately maximal."],"number":8,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["The method of claim 1 wherein the encoder has parameters, and wherein the values of the parameters are determined using response data obtained from a retina while said retina is exposed to white noise and natural scene stimuli."],"number":9,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["The method of claim 1, wherein the code is transformed into output comprising a plurality of visible light pulses using an interface."],"number":10,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["The method of claim 10, wherein (a) the transducer comprises at least one visible light responsive element; and optionally
(b) wherein the visible light responsive element is a protein; and optionally
(c) wherein a gene encoding the protein is introduced into the cell using a viral vector; and optionally
either (d) wherein the viral vector is a recombinant adeno- associated virus;
or (e) wherein the gene is expressed selectively in at least one retinal ganglion cell type."],"number":11,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["The method of claim 11, wherein, in the case of (c), the gene is selectively expressed using a two vector cre-lox system, wherein the expression patterns of the two vectors overlap only within the selected cell type."],"number":12,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["The method of claim 12, further comprising:
(a) a first vector comprising an inverted gene expressing a light-sensitive protein that is flanked by loxP sites oriented in opposite directions and that is under the regulation of a promoter for a second gene that is expressed at least in the selected cell type, and
(b) a second vector comprising a Cre recombinase that is under the regulation of a promoter for a third gene that is expressed at least in the selected cell type and a nonoverlapping set of other cell classes."],"number":13,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["A computer program comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any preceding claim."],"number":14,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true},{"lines":["An apparatus for restoring or improving vision in a subject in need thereof comprising:
a device for receiving a stimulus,
a processing device comprising:non-transient computer readable media storing a set of encoders to generate a set of codes from the stimulusat least one processor, andnon-transient computer readable media storing the codes an interface for converting the codes into an output, and
a high resolution transducer for activating a plurality of retinal cells,
wherein activating the plurality of retinal cells results in retinal ganglion cell responses, to a broad range of stimuli, that are substantially similar to the responses of retinal ganglion cells from a normal retina to the same stimuli."],"number":15,"annotation":false,"title":false,"claim":true}]}},"filters":{"npl":[],"notNpl":[],"applicant":[],"notApplicant":[],"inventor":[],"notInventor":[],"owner":[],"notOwner":[],"tags":[],"dates":[],"types":[],"notTypes":[],"j":[],"notJ":[],"fj":[],"notFj":[],"classIpcr":[],"notClassIpcr":[],"classNat":[],"notClassNat":[],"classCpc":[],"notClassCpc":[],"so":[],"notSo":[],"sat":[]},"sequenceFilters":{"s":"SEQIDNO","d":"ASCENDING","p":0,"n":10,"sp":[],"si":[],"len":[],"t":[],"loc":[]}}